Minamp 1.1

- Run network/TLS work on 256 KB-stack threads (net/Threads.java): Android 2.x's
  ~16 KB default stack overflowed during the bundled TLS handshake
- Close pooled TLS connections off the caller thread
- Try several Plex music-transcoder URL variants until the server accepts one,
  and remember the one that worked
- Accept pasted server URLs with paths; default to 443 for https
- Catch fatal errors and save a crash report (shown on next launch and written
  to Minamp-error.txt on the SD card)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     package="com.minamp"
-    android:versionCode="1"
-    android:versionName="1.0"
+    android:versionCode="2"
+    android:versionName="1.1"
     android:installLocation="auto">
 
     <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="10" />

src/com/minamp/App.java

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ public class App extends Application {
         instance = this;
         handler = new Handler();
         prefs = getSharedPreferences("minamp", MODE_PRIVATE);
+        installCrashLogger();
 
         // Android 2.2's HttpURLConnection pool is buggy; we use our own client, but be safe.
         System.setProperty("http.keepAlive", "false");
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ public class App extends Application {
         try { Plex.version = getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(getPackageName(), 0).versionName; } catch (Exception ignored) {}
 
         CertVerifier.setRootStore(new AssetRoots(this));
+        Library.preferredVariant = Math.max(0, Math.min(Library.VARIANTS - 1, prefs.getInt("tcVariant", 0)));
         images = new ImageLoader(this);
         loadServer();
         PlayQueue.get().restore(this);
@@ -76,6 +78,59 @@ public class App extends Application {
         }, new IntentFilter(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION));
     }
 
+    // ------------------------------------------------------------------ crash reports
+
+    private static final String CRASH_FILE = "crash.txt";
+
+    private void installCrashLogger() {
+        final Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler previous = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
+        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(new Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler() {
+            public void uncaughtException(Thread t, Throwable e) {
+                logError("crash in " + t.getName(), e);
+                if (previous != null) previous.uncaughtException(t, e);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /** Saves a stack trace to app storage (shown on next launch) and to the SD card. */
+    public static void logError(String where, Throwable e) {
+        App app = instance;
+        if (app == null) return;
+        try {
+            java.io.StringWriter sw = new java.io.StringWriter();
+            java.io.PrintWriter pw = new java.io.PrintWriter(sw);
+            pw.println("Minamp " + Plex.version + " on " + Build.MODEL + ", Android " + Build.VERSION.RELEASE);
+            pw.println(new java.util.Date() + " - " + where);
+            e.printStackTrace(pw);
+            pw.flush();
+            byte[] text = sw.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");
+            java.io.FileOutputStream out = app.openFileOutput(CRASH_FILE, MODE_PRIVATE);
+            out.write(text);
+            out.close();
+            try {
+                if (android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState())) {
+                    java.io.File f = new java.io.File(android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "Minamp-error.txt");
+                    java.io.FileOutputStream o2 = new java.io.FileOutputStream(f);
+                    o2.write(text);
+                    o2.close();
+                }
+            } catch (Throwable ignored) {}
+        } catch (Throwable ignored) {}
+    }
+
+    /** The last saved error report, or null. Reading it clears it. */
+    public String takeCrashReport() {
+        try {
+            java.io.File f = getFileStreamPath(CRASH_FILE);
+            if (!f.exists()) return null;
+            String s = new String(readAll(new java.io.FileInputStream(f)), "UTF-8");
+            f.delete();
+            return s;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------ server/library
 
     public void loadServer() {

src/com/minamp/BaseActivity.java

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package com.minamp;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
-import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 
 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.app.AlertDialog;
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ import com.minamp.plex.Server;
 /** Shared bits: background tasks, mini player, item actions, settings menu. */
 public abstract class BaseActivity extends Activity implements PlayerService.Listener, PlayQueue.Listener {
 
-    private static final ExecutorService POOL = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
+    private static final ExecutorService POOL = com.minamp.net.Threads.pool("task", 2);
 
     protected App app;
     protected boolean destroyed;
@@ -54,15 +53,18 @@ public abstract class BaseActivity extends Activity implements PlayerService.Lis
                     app.handler.post(new Runnable() { public void run() { if (!destroyed) t.done(r); } });
                 } catch (final Exception e) {
                     app.handler.post(new Runnable() { public void run() { if (!destroyed) t.fail(e); } });
-                } catch (final OutOfMemoryError e) {
-                    app.images.clearMemory();
-                    app.handler.post(new Runnable() { public void run() { if (!destroyed) t.fail(new Exception("Out of memory")); } });
+                } catch (final Throwable e) {
+                    // Errors (out of memory, stack overflow, a class the old VM can't load) must not kill the app
+                    if (e instanceof OutOfMemoryError) app.images.clearMemory();
+                    App.logError("task", e);
+                    final Exception wrapped = new Exception(com.minamp.net.Threads.describe(e));
+                    app.handler.post(new Runnable() { public void run() { if (!destroyed) t.fail(wrapped); } });
                 }
             }
         });
     }
 
-    protected void toast(String s) { Toast.makeText(this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); }
+    protected void toast(String s) { Toast.makeText(this, s, s != null && s.length() > 40 ? Toast.LENGTH_LONG : Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); }
 
     protected static String msg(Exception e) { return PlayerService.message(e); }
 
@@ -74,6 +76,25 @@ public abstract class BaseActivity extends Activity implements PlayerService.Lis
         app = App.get();
     }
 
+    /** If the last run hit an error, show it so it can be reported (also saved as Minamp-error.txt on the SD card). */
+    protected void showCrashReportIfAny() {
+        final String report = app.takeCrashReport();
+        if (report == null) return;
+        android.widget.ScrollView sv = new android.widget.ScrollView(this);
+        TextView tv = new TextView(this);
+        tv.setText(report);
+        tv.setTextSize(10);
+        tv.setTextColor(0xFFDDDDDD);
+        int p = Ui.dp(this, 8);
+        tv.setPadding(p, p, p, p);
+        sv.addView(tv);
+        new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
+            .setTitle("Minamp hit an error last time")
+            .setView(sv)
+            .setPositiveButton("OK", null)
+            .show();
+    }
+
     @Override
     protected void onResume() {
         super.onResume();

src/com/minamp/HomeActivity.java

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ public class HomeActivity extends BaseActivity {
             return;
         }
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_home);
+        showCrashReportIfAny();
         setupTopBar(app.sectionTitle(), connectionLine(), false);
         barAction(R.id.btn_action, Glyph.SEARCH, new View.OnClickListener() {
             public void onClick(View v) { startActivity(new Intent(HomeActivity.this, SearchActivity.class)); }

src/com/minamp/ImageLoader.java

@@ -44,10 +44,9 @@ public final class ImageLoader {
         memMax = (int) Math.min(max / 8, 4 * 1024 * 1024);
         mem = new LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap>(32, 0.75f, true);
         for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-            Thread t = new Thread("img-" + i) {
+            Thread t = com.minamp.net.Threads.create(new Runnable() {
                 public void run() { loop(); }
-            };
-            t.setDaemon(true);
+            }, "img-" + i);
             t.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY + 1);
             t.start();
         }
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ public final class ImageLoader {
             if (j.view != null && !j.key.equals(j.view.getTag(R.id.tag_image))) continue;
             Bitmap b = fromMem(j.key);
             if (b == null) {
-                try { b = fetch(j); } catch (Throwable t) { b = null; }
+                try { b = fetch(j); } catch (OutOfMemoryError oom) { clearMemory(); b = null; } catch (Throwable t) { b = null; }
                 if (b != null) {
                     synchronized (mem) {
                         Bitmap old = mem.put(j.key, b);

src/com/minamp/PlayQueue.java

@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ public final class PlayQueue {
          .put("shuffle", Boolean.valueOf(shuffle)).put("title", title).put("pos", Long.valueOf(resumePositionMs));
         final String data = o.toString();
         saving = false;
-        new Thread("save-queue") {
+        com.minamp.net.Threads.start(new Runnable() {
             public void run() {
                 synchronized (PlayQueue.class) {
                     try {
@@ -244,6 +244,6 @@ public final class PlayQueue {
                     } catch (Exception ignored) {}
                 }
             }
-        }.start();
+        }, "save-queue");
     }
 }

src/com/minamp/PlayerService.java

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
-import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 
 import android.app.Notification;
 import android.app.NotificationManager;
@@ -109,8 +108,8 @@ public class PlayerService extends Service implements MediaPlayer.OnPreparedList
     }
 
     // ---- instance ----
-    private final ExecutorService worker = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
-    private final ExecutorService reporter = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+    private final ExecutorService worker = com.minamp.net.Threads.pool("player", 1);
+    private final ExecutorService reporter = com.minamp.net.Threads.pool("report", 1);
     private StreamProxy proxy;
     private MediaPlayer mp;
     private boolean prepared;
@@ -125,6 +124,9 @@ public class PlayerService extends Service implements MediaPlayer.OnPreparedList
     private String session;
     private String routeId;
     private int retries;
+    private int[] variantOrder;   // transcode variant behind each URL of the current route
+    private String refusal;       // what the server said when it refused the current stream
+    private int refusalCode;
     private int failuresInRow;
     private boolean forceDownload;
     private boolean scrobbled;
@@ -150,6 +152,20 @@ public class PlayerService extends Service implements MediaPlayer.OnPreparedList
         wifiLock = wm.createWifiLock(WifiManager.WIFI_MODE_FULL, "minamp");
         wifiLock.setReferenceCounted(false);
         proxy = new StreamProxy();
+        proxy.listener = new StreamProxy.Listener() {
+            public void onError(final String id, final int code, final String message) {
+                post(new Runnable() {
+                    public void run() {
+                        if (id.equals(routeId)) { refusal = message; refusalCode = code; }
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+            public void onAccepted(final String id, final int index) {
+                post(new Runnable() {
+                    public void run() { if (id.equals(routeId)) rememberVariant(index); }
+                });
+            }
+        };
         try { proxy.start(); } catch (IOException e) { /* reported when playback starts */ }
         try {
             TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
@@ -254,23 +270,29 @@ public class PlayerService extends Service implements MediaPlayer.OnPreparedList
                     final String sess = direct ? null : "minamp-" + Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis(), 36);
                     // Streamed transcodes start at the offset; downloads always fetch the whole track and seek in the file.
                     final long startAt = (direct || download) ? 0 : (posMs / 1000) * 1000;
-                    final String url = direct ? lib.directUrl(it) : lib.transcodeUrl(it, max, startAt, sess);
+                    final java.util.List<String> urls;
+                    final int[] order = direct ? null : Library.variantOrder();
+                    if (direct) { urls = new java.util.ArrayList<String>(); urls.add(lib.directUrl(it)); }
+                    else urls = lib.transcodeUrls(it, max, startAt, sess);
                     final String ext = direct ? extFor(it) : "mp3";
                     File file = null;
-                    if (download) file = downloadTo(url, g, it);
+                    if (download) file = downloadTo(urls, order, g, it);
                     final File ff = file;
                     post(new Runnable() {
                         public void run() {
                             if (g != gen) return;
                             transcoding = !direct;
                             session = sess;
+                            variantOrder = order;
                             kbps = direct ? 0 : (max <= 0 ? 320 : max);
-                            begin(url, ext, ff, startAt, (direct || download) ? posMs : 0);
+                            begin(urls, ext, ff, startAt, (direct || download) ? posMs : 0);
                         }
                     });
-                } catch (final Exception e) {
+                } catch (final Throwable e) {
+                    if (!(e instanceof Exception)) App.logError("player", e);
+                    final String m = com.minamp.net.Threads.describe(e);
                     post(new Runnable() {
-                        public void run() { if (g == gen) trackFailed(message(e)); }
+                        public void run() { if (g == gen) trackFailed(m); }
                     });
                 }
             }
@@ -284,13 +306,28 @@ public class PlayerService extends Service implements MediaPlayer.OnPreparedList
         return "mp3";
     }
 
-    private File downloadTo(String url, int g, Item it) throws IOException {
+    private File downloadTo(java.util.List<String> urls, final int[] order, int g, Item it) throws IOException {
         File base = null;
         if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState())) base = getExternalCacheDir();
         if (base == null) base = getCacheDir();
         File f = new File(base, "play-" + (g % 2) + ".tmp");
-        Http.Response r = Http.get(url, Plex.headers(null), 30000);
-        if (r.code != 200) { r.close(); throw new IOException("Server said " + r.code); }
+        Http.Response r = null;
+        String why = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < urls.size(); i++) {
+            r = Http.get(urls.get(i), Plex.headers(null), 30000);
+            if (r.code == 200) {
+                if (order != null) {
+                    final int idx = i;
+                    post(new Runnable() { public void run() { if (variantOrder == order) rememberVariant(idx); else rememberVariantOf(order, idx); } });
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            why = "Server refused the stream (" + r.code + ")";
+            String body = new String(r.readAll(), "UTF-8");
+            if (body.trim().length() > 0) why += ": " + Plex.snippet(body);
+            r = null;
+        }
+        if (r == null) throw new IOException(why);
         InputStream in = r.body;
         FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(f);
         try {
@@ -316,7 +353,20 @@ public class PlayerService extends Service implements MediaPlayer.OnPreparedList
         return f;
     }
 
-    private void begin(String url, String ext, File file, long offset, long seekTo) {
+    private void rememberVariant(int index) {
+        rememberVariantOf(variantOrder, index);
+    }
+
+    private void rememberVariantOf(int[] order, int index) {
+        if (order == null || index < 0 || index >= order.length) return;
+        int v = order[index];
+        if (v != Library.preferredVariant) {
+            Library.preferredVariant = v;
+            App.get().prefs.edit().putInt("tcVariant", v).commit();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void begin(java.util.List<String> urls, String ext, File file, long offset, long seekTo) {
         try {
             mp = new MediaPlayer();
             mp.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC);
@@ -335,7 +385,9 @@ public class PlayerService extends Service implements MediaPlayer.OnPreparedList
             } else {
                 if (proxy.port() < 0) proxy.start();
                 routeId = proxy.newId();
-                mp.setDataSource(proxy.register(routeId, url, ext));
+                refusal = null;
+                refusalCode = 0;
+                mp.setDataSource(proxy.register(routeId, urls, ext));
             }
             setState(BUFFERING, "Buffering…");
             mp.prepareAsync();
@@ -400,7 +452,12 @@ public class PlayerService extends Service implements MediaPlayer.OnPreparedList
 
     private void trackFailed(String msg) {
         long pos = Math.max(currentPosition(), lastPos);
-        retries++;
+        if (refusal != null) msg = refusal; // the server's own reason beats "Playback error (1/-1004)"
+        boolean permanent = refusalCode >= 400 && refusalCode < 500 && refusalCode != 408 && refusalCode != 429
+                || (msg != null && msg.startsWith("Server refused the stream (4"));
+        refusal = null;
+        refusalCode = 0;
+        retries = permanent ? 99 : retries + 1;
         App app = App.get();
         if (retries == 1) {
             // Most failures on a phone are network changes: re-pick the connection and resume.
@@ -658,7 +715,7 @@ public class PlayerService extends Service implements MediaPlayer.OnPreparedList
     private void post(Runnable r) { App.get().handler.post(r); }
 
     private void toast(String m) {
-        if (m != null && m.length() > 0) Toast.makeText(this, m, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
+        if (m != null && m.length() > 0) Toast.makeText(this, m, m.length() > 40 ? Toast.LENGTH_LONG : Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
     }
 
     static String message(Exception e) {

src/com/minamp/SetupActivity.java

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ public class SetupActivity extends BaseActivity {
     protected void onCreate(Bundle b) {
         super.onCreate(b);
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_setup);
+        showCrashReportIfAny();
         welcome = findViewById(R.id.page_welcome);
         pinPage = findViewById(R.id.page_pin);
         manual = findViewById(R.id.page_manual);

src/com/minamp/net/Http.java

@@ -135,13 +135,16 @@ public final class Http {
 
     /** Drop all pooled connections (e.g. after the network changed). */
     public static void evictAll() {
+        final List<Conn> doomed = new ArrayList<Conn>();
         synchronized (pool) {
-            for (Iterator<List<Conn>> it = pool.values().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
-                List<Conn> l = it.next();
-                for (int i = 0; i < l.size(); i++) l.get(i).close();
-            }
+            for (Iterator<List<Conn>> it = pool.values().iterator(); it.hasNext();) doomed.addAll(it.next());
             pool.clear();
         }
+        if (doomed.isEmpty()) return;
+        // closing TLS sends an encrypted alert: keep that off the (small-stack) caller thread
+        Threads.start(new Runnable() {
+            public void run() { for (int i = 0; i < doomed.size(); i++) doomed.get(i).close(); }
+        }, "http-evict");
     }
 
     private static Conn connect(final Url u, int timeoutMs) throws IOException {

src/com/minamp/net/StreamProxy.java

@@ -26,19 +26,29 @@ public final class StreamProxy implements Runnable {
     private Thread thread;
     private volatile boolean running;
     private int counter;
-    private final Map<String, String> routes = new HashMap<String, String>();
+    private final Map<String, Route> routes = new HashMap<String, Route>();
+
+    /** One stream, with fallback URLs tried in order until the server accepts one. */
+    private static final class Route {
+        final List<String> urls;
+        int chosen = -1; // index that worked; later requests (seeks) go straight to it
+        Route(List<String> urls) { this.urls = urls; }
+    }
     private final Map<String, List<Http.Response>> live = new HashMap<String, List<Http.Response>>();
 
-    /** Called with how many bytes have arrived for a route (for buffering UI / diagnostics). */
-    public interface Listener { void onError(String routeId, String message); }
+    public interface Listener {
+        /** Every URL was refused (or the proxy failed); code is the last HTTP status, or 0. */
+        void onError(String routeId, int code, String message);
+        /** URL #index of the route's list is the one the server accepted. */
+        void onAccepted(String routeId, int index);
+    }
     public volatile Listener listener;
 
     public synchronized void start() throws IOException {
         if (running) return;
         server = new ServerSocket(0, 8, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
         running = true;
-        thread = new Thread(this, "stream-proxy");
-        thread.setDaemon(true);
+        thread = Threads.create(this, "stream-proxy");
         thread.start();
     }
 
@@ -55,8 +65,14 @@ public final class StreamProxy implements Runnable {
 
     /** @return the local URL to give MediaPlayer, ending in a fake extension it may sniff. */
     public String register(String id, String remoteUrl, String ext) {
+        List<String> l = new ArrayList<String>();
+        l.add(remoteUrl);
+        return register(id, l, ext);
+    }
+
+    public String register(String id, List<String> remoteUrls, String ext) {
         synchronized (routes) {
-            routes.put(id, remoteUrl);
+            routes.put(id, new Route(new ArrayList<String>(remoteUrls)));
         }
         return "http://127.0.0.1:" + port() + "/s/" + id + "/stream." + ext;
     }
@@ -89,11 +105,9 @@ public final class StreamProxy implements Runnable {
                 if (!running) return;
                 continue;
             }
-            Thread t = new Thread("proxy-conn") {
+            Threads.start(new Runnable() {
                 public void run() { handle(s); }
-            };
-            t.setDaemon(true);
-            t.start();
+            }, "proxy-conn");
         }
     }
 
@@ -120,9 +134,9 @@ public final class StreamProxy implements Runnable {
                 int slash = path.indexOf('/', 3);
                 id = slash < 0 ? path.substring(3) : path.substring(3, slash);
             }
-            String target;
-            synchronized (routes) { target = id == null ? null : routes.get(id); }
-            if (target == null) {
+            Route route;
+            synchronized (routes) { route = id == null ? null : routes.get(id); }
+            if (route == null) {
                 out.write("HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n".getBytes("ISO-8859-1"));
                 out.flush();
                 return;
@@ -133,7 +147,31 @@ public final class StreamProxy implements Runnable {
             String range = reqHeaders.get("range");
             if (range != null) h.put("Range", range);
             boolean head = "HEAD".equals(method);
-            up = Http.request(head ? "HEAD" : "GET", target, h, null, 30000);
+            int first, last;
+            synchronized (routes) {
+                first = route.chosen >= 0 ? route.chosen : 0;
+                last = route.chosen >= 0 ? route.chosen : route.urls.size() - 1;
+            }
+            String refusal = null;
+            for (int i = first; i <= last; i++) {
+                up = Http.request(head ? "HEAD" : "GET", route.urls.get(i), h, null, 30000);
+                if (up.code < 400 || up.code == 416) {
+                    boolean firstTime;
+                    synchronized (routes) { firstTime = route.chosen < 0; route.chosen = i; }
+                    Listener l = listener;
+                    if (firstTime && l != null) l.onAccepted(id, i);
+                    break;
+                }
+                // refused: remember why, try the next variant
+                String body = "";
+                try { body = head ? "" : new String(up.readAll(), "UTF-8"); } catch (IOException ignored) {}
+                refusal = "Server refused the stream (" + up.code + ")" + (body.trim().length() > 0 ? ": " + com.minamp.plex.Plex.snippet(body) : "");
+                if (i < last) { up.close(); up = null; }
+            }
+            if (up.code >= 400 && up.code != 416) {
+                Listener l = listener;
+                if (l != null) l.onError(id, up.code, refusal);
+            }
             synchronized (routes) {
                 if (!routes.containsKey(id)) { Http.abort(up); return; }
                 List<Http.Response> l = live.get(id);
@@ -142,13 +180,15 @@ public final class StreamProxy implements Runnable {
             }
 
             StringBuilder resp = new StringBuilder(256);
-            boolean known = up.contentLength >= 0 && !up.chunked;
+            boolean refused = up.code >= 400 && up.code != 416;
+            boolean known = !refused && up.contentLength >= 0 && !up.chunked;
             resp.append(known ? "HTTP/1.1 " : "HTTP/1.0 ").append(up.code).append(' ').append(reason(up.code)).append("\r\n");
             String ct = up.header("content-type");
             if (ct == null || ct.startsWith("application/octet") || ct.startsWith("text/")) ct = guessType(path);
             if (up.code >= 400) ct = "text/plain";
             resp.append("Content-Type: ").append(ct).append("\r\n");
             if (known) resp.append("Content-Length: ").append(up.contentLength).append("\r\n");
+            if (refused) resp.append("Content-Length: 0\r\n");
             String cr = up.header("content-range");
             if (cr != null) resp.append("Content-Range: ").append(cr).append("\r\n");
             String ar = up.header("accept-ranges");
@@ -156,11 +196,7 @@ public final class StreamProxy implements Runnable {
             resp.append("Connection: close\r\n\r\n");
             out.write(resp.toString().getBytes("ISO-8859-1"));
             out.flush();
-            if (up.code >= 400) {
-                Listener l = listener;
-                if (l != null) l.onError(id, "Server said " + up.code);
-            }
-            if (head) { up.close(); return; }
+            if (head || up.code >= 400) { up.close(); up = null; return; }
 
             byte[] buf = new byte[16384];
             int n;
@@ -176,6 +212,9 @@ public final class StreamProxy implements Runnable {
             up = null;
         } catch (IOException e) {
             // player went away, track skipped, or the network dropped: just close
+        } catch (Throwable t) {
+            Listener l = listener;
+            if (l != null && id != null) l.onError(id, 0, Threads.describe(t));
         } finally {
             if (up != null) Http.abort(up);
             if (id != null && up != null) {

src/com/minamp/net/Threads.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package com.minamp.net;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
+
+/**
+ * Background threads with big stacks. Android 2.x gives new threads ~16 KB of stack, and the
+ * bundled TLS handshake + certificate parsing needs far more; overflowing it kills the app.
+ * 256 KB is the most Dalvik allows.
+ */
+public final class Threads {
+    public static final long STACK = 256 * 1024;
+
+    private Threads() {}
+
+    public static Thread create(Runnable r, String name) {
+        Thread t = new Thread(null, r, name, STACK);
+        t.setDaemon(true);
+        return t;
+    }
+
+    public static void start(Runnable r, String name) {
+        create(r, name).start();
+    }
+
+    public static ExecutorService pool(final String name, int n) {
+        ThreadFactory f = new ThreadFactory() {
+            private int count;
+            public synchronized Thread newThread(Runnable r) { return create(r, name + "-" + (++count)); }
+        };
+        return n == 1 ? Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(f) : Executors.newFixedThreadPool(n, f);
+    }
+
+    /** Readable one-liner for any failure, including Errors such as StackOverflowError. */
+    public static String describe(Throwable t) {
+        String m = t.getMessage();
+        String cls = t.getClass().getSimpleName();
+        if (m == null || m.length() == 0) return cls;
+        if (t instanceof java.io.IOException) return m;
+        return cls + ": " + m;
+    }
+}

src/com/minamp/plex/Library.java

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public final class Library {
     }
 
     public String recentlyPlayedPath(int size) {
-        return "/library/sections/" + section + "/all?type=9&sort=lastViewedAt:desc&viewCount>>=0" + page(0, size);
+        return "/library/sections/" + section + "/all?type=9&sort=lastViewedAt:desc&viewCount%3E%3E=0" + page(0, size);
     }
 
     public String playlistsPath() {
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public final class Library {
 
     /** Tracks rated four stars or better (and loved tracks), shuffled. */
     public List<Item> topRatedRadio() throws IOException {
-        return server.items("/library/sections/" + section + "/all?type=10&userRating>>=7&sort=random" + page(0, 100));
+        return server.items("/library/sections/" + section + "/all?type=10&userRating%3E%3E=7&sort=random" + page(0, 100));
     }
 
     /** Tracks from albums released in a random decade that the library actually has. */
@@ -172,15 +172,56 @@ public final class Library {
         return server.url(t.partKey);
     }
 
-    /** MP3 transcode over plain progressive HTTP, starting at offsetMs. */
-    public String transcodeUrl(Item t, int kbps, long offsetMs, String session) throws IOException {
+    /**
+     * Plex servers differ in which form of the music transcoder request they accept (some answer
+     * 400 to one and stream fine with another), so there are several known variants. The proxy
+     * tries them in order; the one that worked is remembered and tried first next time.
+     */
+    public static final int VARIANTS = 4;
+    public static volatile int preferredVariant = 0;
+
+    public static int[] variantOrder() {
+        int[] order = new int[VARIANTS];
+        order[0] = preferredVariant;
+        for (int i = 0, k = 1; i < VARIANTS; i++) if (i != preferredVariant) order[k++] = i;
+        return order;
+    }
+
+    /** MP3 transcode URLs over plain progressive HTTP starting at offsetMs, in {@link #variantOrder()} order. */
+    public java.util.List<String> transcodeUrls(Item t, int kbps, long offsetMs, String session) throws IOException {
+        int[] order = variantOrder();
+        java.util.List<String> out = new ArrayList<String>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < order.length; i++) out.add(transcodeUrl(t, kbps, offsetMs, session, order[i]));
+        return out;
+    }
+
+    String transcodeUrl(Item t, int kbps, long offsetMs, String session, int variant) throws IOException {
         if (kbps <= 0) kbps = 320;
-        String profile = "add-transcode-target(type=musicProfile&context=streaming&protocol=http&container=mp3&audioCodec=mp3)"
-                + "+add-limitation(scope=musicCodec&scopeName=mp3&type=upperBound&name=audio.bitrate&value=" + kbps + ")"
-                + "+add-limitation(scope=musicCodec&scopeName=mp3&type=upperBound&name=audio.channels&value=2)";
-        String path = "/music/:/transcode/universal/start.mp3"
+        String target = "add-transcode-target(type=musicProfile&context=streaming&protocol=http&container=mp3&audioCodec=mp3)";
+        String profile;
+        String platform;
+        String base = "/music/:/transcode/universal/start.mp3";
+        switch (variant) {
+            case 0:  // what Plex's own web player identifies as, with an explicit MP3 target
+                platform = "Chrome";
+                profile = target + "+add-limitation(scope=musicCodec&scopeName=*&type=upperBound&name=audio.bitrate&value=" + kbps + ")";
+                break;
+            case 1:  // generic client profile
+                platform = "Generic";
+                profile = target + "+add-limitation(scope=musicCodec&scopeName=mp3&type=upperBound&name=audio.bitrate&value=" + kbps + ")";
+                break;
+            case 2:  // older servers' audio endpoint
+                platform = "Chrome";
+                profile = target;
+                base = "/audio/:/transcode/universal/start.mp3";
+                break;
+            default: // no profile tweaks at all; bitrate from musicBitrate only
+                platform = "Chrome";
+                profile = null;
+        }
+        String path = base
                 + "?path=" + Plex.enc("/library/metadata/" + t.ratingKey)
-                + "&mediaIndex=0&partIndex=0&protocol=http&hasMDE=1&fastSeek=1"
+                + "&mediaIndex=0&partIndex=0&protocol=http&hasMDE=1&fastSeek=1&copyts=1"
                 + "&directPlay=0&directStream=0&directStreamAudio=0"
                 + "&musicBitrate=" + kbps + "&maxAudioBitrate=" + kbps
                 + "&offset=" + (offsetMs / 1000)
@@ -190,9 +231,9 @@ public final class Library {
                 + "&X-Plex-Client-Identifier=" + Plex.enc(Plex.clientId)
                 + "&X-Plex-Product=" + Plex.enc(Plex.product)
                 + "&X-Plex-Version=" + Plex.enc(Plex.version)
-                + "&X-Plex-Platform=Generic"
+                + "&X-Plex-Platform=" + platform
                 + "&X-Plex-Device=" + Plex.enc(Plex.device)
-                + "&X-Plex-Client-Profile-Extra=" + Plex.enc(profile);
+                + (profile != null ? "&X-Plex-Client-Profile-Extra=" + Plex.enc(profile) : "");
         return server.url(path);
     }
 

src/com/minamp/plex/Plex.java

@@ -49,8 +49,11 @@ public final class Plex {
     static Json.Obj fetchJson(String method, String url, String token, int timeout) throws IOException {
         Http.Response r = Http.request(method, url, headers(token), "POST".equals(method) ? new byte[0] : null, timeout);
         String body = r.readString();
-        if (r.code == 401) throw new PlexException(401, "Not authorized");
-        if (r.code < 200 || r.code >= 300) throw new PlexException(r.code, "HTTP " + r.code);
+        if (r.code == 401) throw new PlexException(401, "Not authorized (401) on " + describePath(url));
+        if (r.code < 200 || r.code >= 300) {
+            String snippet = snippet(body);
+            throw new PlexException(r.code, "HTTP " + r.code + " on " + describePath(url) + (snippet.length() > 0 ? ": " + snippet : ""));
+        }
         if (body.trim().length() == 0) return new Json.Obj();
         Object o;
         try { o = Json.parse(body); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { throw new IOException("Bad response from server"); }
@@ -60,6 +63,22 @@ public final class Plex {
         return wrap;
     }
 
+    /** "/library/sections/1/all" without host, query or token: enough to tell which call failed. */
+    static String describePath(String url) {
+        int start = url.indexOf("://");
+        start = start < 0 ? 0 : url.indexOf('/', start + 3);
+        if (start < 0) return url;
+        int q = url.indexOf('?', start);
+        return q < 0 ? url.substring(start) : url.substring(start, q);
+    }
+
+    /** First words of an error body (HTML or JSON), for error messages. */
+    public static String snippet(String body) {
+        if (body == null) return "";
+        String s = body.replaceAll("<[^>]*>", " ").replaceAll("\\s+", " ").trim();
+        return s.length() > 120 ? s.substring(0, 120) + "\u2026" : s;
+    }
+
     public static final class PlexException extends IOException {
         public final int code;
         public PlexException(int code, String msg) { super(msg); this.code = code; }

src/com/minamp/plex/Server.java

@@ -54,10 +54,19 @@ public final class Server {
         String s = input.trim();
         while (s.endsWith("/")) s = s.substring(0, s.length() - 1);
         String lower = s.toLowerCase();
-        if (lower.startsWith("http://") || lower.startsWith("https://")) return s; // explicit: keep as typed
-        // bare host or IP: assume plain HTTP on the default Plex port
-        if (s.indexOf(':') < 0 && s.indexOf('/') < 0) s = s + ":32400";
-        return "http://" + s;
+        String scheme = "http://";
+        if (lower.startsWith("https://")) { scheme = "https://"; s = s.substring(8); }
+        else if (lower.startsWith("http://")) { s = s.substring(7); }
+        // drop anything after host[:port] (people paste ".../web/index.html#!/...")
+        int cut = s.length();
+        for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
+            char c = s.charAt(i);
+            if (c == '/' || c == '?' || c == '#') { cut = i; break; }
+        }
+        s = s.substring(0, cut);
+        // no port: Plex's default for http, the standard 443 for https (reverse proxies)
+        if (s.indexOf(':') < 0 && scheme.equals("http://")) s = s + ":32400";
+        return scheme + s;
     }
 
     public Conn active() { return active; }
@@ -107,7 +116,7 @@ public final class Server {
         for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
             final int idx = i;
             final Conn c = connections.get(i);
-            Thread t = new Thread("probe-" + i) {
+            Runnable probe = new Runnable() {
                 public void run() {
                     boolean ok = false;
                     try {
@@ -118,8 +127,8 @@ public final class Server {
                         String id = mc == null ? "" : mc.optString("machineIdentifier");
                         ok = machineId.length() == 0 || machineId.equals(id);
                         if (!ok) errors[idx] = "different server answered";
-                    } catch (Exception e) {
-                        errors[idx] = String.valueOf(e.getMessage());
+                    } catch (Throwable e) {
+                        errors[idx] = com.minamp.net.Threads.describe(e);
                     }
                     synchronized (lock) {
                         state[idx] = ok ? 1 : 2;
@@ -127,8 +136,7 @@ public final class Server {
                     }
                 }
             };
-            t.setDaemon(true);
-            t.start();
+            com.minamp.net.Threads.start(probe, "probe-" + i);
         }
         long deadline = System.currentTimeMillis() + 12000;
         synchronized (lock) {

test/PlexTest.java

@@ -43,7 +43,20 @@ public class PlexTest {
         }
     }
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
+    public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
+        // run everything on the same kind of thread the app uses (256 KB stack, Dalvik's max)
+        final Throwable[] err = {null};
+        Thread t = com.minamp.net.Threads.create(new Runnable() {
+            public void run() { try { realMain(args); } catch (Throwable e) { err[0] = e; } }
+        }, "test");
+        t.start();
+        t.join();
+        if (err[0] != null) { err[0].printStackTrace(); failures++; }
+        System.out.println(failures == 0 ? "ALL PASSED" : failures + " FAILED");
+        System.exit(failures == 0 ? 0 : 1);
+    }
+
+    static void realMain(String[] args) throws Exception {
         CertVerifier.setRootStore(roots(args[0]));
         Plex.clientId = "test-client";
 
@@ -91,6 +104,7 @@ public class PlexTest {
         check(res.size() == 4 && res.get(0).type == Item.HEADER && res.get(1).type == Item.ARTIST && res.get(3).type == Item.TRACK,
               "search hubs grouped (" + res.size() + ")");
         check(lib.libraryRadio().size() == 2, "library radio");
+        check(lib.topRatedRadio().size() == 1, "'>>' filter reaches the server percent-encoded and decoded intact");
         String img = s2.imageUrl("/library/metadata/10/thumb/1", 64);
         Http.Response ir = Http.get(img, null, 10000);
         byte[] ib = ir.readAll();
@@ -110,13 +124,31 @@ public class PlexTest {
         check(hc.getResponseCode() == 206 && body.length == 299000 && (body[0] & 255) == (1000 * 7) % 256,
               "proxy direct stream with Range over TLS (" + hc.getResponseCode() + ", " + body.length + "B)");
 
+        final int[] accepted = {-1};
+        final String[] refused = {null};
+        proxy.listener = new StreamProxy.Listener() {
+            public void onError(String id, int code, String m) { refused[0] = code + " " + m; }
+            public void onAccepted(String id, int index) { accepted[0] = index; }
+        };
         String id2 = proxy.newId();
-        String local2 = proxy.register(id2, lib.transcodeUrl(tracks.get(1), 192, 30500, "sess1"), "mp3");
+        String local2 = proxy.register(id2, lib.transcodeUrls(tracks.get(1), 192, 30500, "sess1"), "mp3");
         hc = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(local2).openConnection(Proxy.NO_PROXY);
         byte[] tbody = read(hc.getInputStream());
         String ts = new String(tbody, "ISO-8859-1");
         check(hc.getResponseCode() == 200 && ts.startsWith("TRANSCODE offset=30 bitrate=192|") && hc.getHeaderField("Content-Length") == null,
               "proxy de-chunks transcode stream (" + tbody.length + "B)");
+        check(accepted[0] == 1 && refused[0] == null, "refused transcode variant skipped, second accepted (index " + accepted[0] + ")");
+        Library.preferredVariant = Library.variantOrder()[accepted[0]];
+        check(Library.variantOrder()[0] == 1, "accepted variant is tried first next time");
+        // every variant refused -> error carries the server's words
+        Library.preferredVariant = 0;
+        String id4 = proxy.newId();
+        java.util.List<String> bad = new java.util.ArrayList<String>();
+        bad.add(lib.transcodeUrls(tracks.get(1), 192, 0, "s4").get(0));
+        String local4 = proxy.register(id4, bad, "mp3");
+        hc = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(local4).openConnection(Proxy.NO_PROXY);
+        int c4 = hc.getResponseCode();
+        check(c4 == 400 && refused[0] != null && refused[0].indexOf("400 Bad Request") >= 0, "refusal reported with server text: " + refused[0]);
 
         // abort mid-stream
         String id3 = proxy.newId();
@@ -153,8 +185,16 @@ public class PlexTest {
 
         check(Server.normalizeManual("192.168.1.5").equals("http://192.168.1.5:32400"), "manual URL normalise");
         check(Server.normalizeManual("https://plex.example.com/").equals("https://plex.example.com"), "manual https URL kept");
-        System.out.println(failures == 0 ? "ALL PASSED" : failures + " FAILED");
-        System.exit(failures == 0 ? 0 : 1);
+        check(Server.normalizeManual("http://192.168.1.5:32400/web/index.html#!/").equals("http://192.168.1.5:32400"), "pasted web-app path stripped");
+        check(Server.normalizeManual("http://192.168.1.5").equals("http://192.168.1.5:32400"), "explicit http gets Plex port");
+        CertVerifier.setRootStore(roots(args[0]));
+        Http.evictAll();
+        try {
+            s2.items("/library/nonexistent");
+            check(false, "error names the failing call");
+        } catch (Plex.PlexException e) {
+            check(e.getMessage().indexOf("/library/nonexistent") >= 0 && e.getMessage().indexOf("X-Plex-Token") < 0, "error names the failing call: " + e.getMessage());
+        }
     }
 
     static byte[] read(InputStream in) throws Exception {

test/mock_plex.py

@@ -128,6 +128,8 @@ class H(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
                 arts = [{"type": "artist", "ratingKey": str(1000 + i), "title": "Artist %03d" % i, "thumb": "/a/%d" % i} for i in range(250)]
                 return self.send_json({"MediaContainer": {"totalSize": 250, "offset": start, "Metadata": arts[start:start + size]}})
             if t == "10":
+                if "userRating>>" in q or any(k.endswith(">") for k in q):
+                    return self.send_json({"MediaContainer": {"Metadata": TRACKS[:1], "filterSeen": list(q.keys())}})
                 return self.send_json({"MediaContainer": {"Metadata": TRACKS}})
             return self.send_json({"MediaContainer": {"Metadata": [{"type": "album", "ratingKey": "10", "title": "First Album",
                                                                     "parentTitle": "The Testers", "year": 1999, "thumb": "/library/metadata/10/thumb/1"}]}})
@@ -139,7 +141,15 @@ class H(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
                 {"type": "track", "title": "Tracks", "Metadata": TRACKS[:1]}]}})
         if p.startswith("/library/parts/501"):
             return self.file(method, MP3)
-        if p == "/music/:/transcode/universal/start.mp3":
+        if p in ("/music/:/transcode/universal/start.mp3", "/audio/:/transcode/universal/start.mp3"):
+            extra = (q.get("X-Plex-Client-Profile-Extra") or [""])[0]
+            if "scopeName=*" in extra:  # pretend this server rejects that variant
+                body = b"<html><head><title>Bad Request</title></head><body><h1>400 Bad Request</h1></body></html>"
+                self.send_response(400)
+                self.send_header("Content-Type", "text/html")
+                self.send_header("Content-Length", str(len(body)))
+                self.end_headers()
+                return self.wfile.write(body)
             return self.chunked(method, q)
         if p == "/photo/:/transcode":
             return self.file(method, b"\xff\xd8\xff\xe0JPEGDATA" * 50, "image/jpeg")